短文改错

短文改错详细步骤

一、确定短文主体时态，找不一致的动词

若主体时态为过去时，则找出短文中的原形和单三

若主体为现在或将来时，则找出短文中的过去时态

注意：

1．就陕西高考而言，通常以一般过去时为主体时态，故在第一遍查找原形动词的时候，

以下四种情况一般无误，

A. to 后原形； B. 情态动词后原形； C. 引号内的原形； D. 感官和使役动词后的原形

2. 在第一遍查找的过程中，除了找与主体时态不一致的动词外，还要特别注意以下两种

情况：

A：两个动词直接相连

V.V 型：如：

1. We must avoid make the same mistake.

2. They couldn ‘t help laugh over the funny cartoon film.

3. You enjoy watch detective films?

4. He has never been heard speak ill of others.

B: 通过 and连接的两个动词，一定要判断 and 后的动词跟前面的那个动词并列。 如：

We had to sit at our desks in silence and paid attention to what the teachers were saying. They

were used to write on the blackboard and ask us difficult questions. We also had to do plenty of

homework, and hand it on time. We had to wear school uniforms and obey lots of rules.

在全文为一般过去时的背景下， 很容易误认为后面的三个动词原形有问题，

但通过 and 分析前后并列的对象，可以很快确定恰恰是看上去最正确的paid 有问题，因

为与它并列的是 to sit，所以应改为原形 pay。

3. 通过第一步找出的动词，并非都一定是时态错误，还有可能是非谓语动词的错误，所

以找出来之后不要急于改时态，而是先判断此是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。

试区分以下各句中划线的动词是谓语还是非谓语：

1. Oh, Tad, fancy meet you here!

2. He bent over quickly and just missed hit by the stone.

3. Do you mind my use your computer?

4. He apologize for not be able to attend the meeting.

5. Last Sunday we went to the school play basketball.

6. suppertime was always being interrupted by neighborhood children ring the bell.

7. the air keeps the balloon up was escaping quickly and …

若是谓语动词错误，则通常有以下几种错误形式：

1. 时态错误：这是最简单的错误， 但要注意那些不规则变化的动词， 常见的有以下单词：

1.原形、过去式和过去分词相同的动词（

A、A、A 型）

cost; cut; hit;

hurt; let; put;

read; spread; burst 2.过去式与过去分词相同的动词（ A、B、B 型）

bring —— brought—— brought； build —— built —— built ； burn—— burnt, burned—— burnt, burned

buy—— bought—— bought； catch—— caught—— caught； dig—— dug—— dug；feel—— felt —— felt

fight —— fought—— fought； hang—— hung, hanged—— hung, hanged；hold—— held ——held

mean—— meant—— meant；sell—— sold—— sold；send—— sent—— sent；shine —— shone, shined —

—shone, shined；sit—— sat—— sat；sleep—— slept—— slept；smell—— smelt, smelled—— smelt, smelled

spend—— spent—— spent； stand—— stood—— stood；sweep—— swept—— swept； teach—— taught —

—taught；understand—— understood—— understood；win —— won—— won

3.过去分词与原形相同的动词（ A、B、A 型）

become—— became—— become； run—— ran—— run

4.过去式与原形相同的动词（ A、A、B 型）

beat

beat

beaten

5.原形、过去式和过去分词都不同的动词（

A、B、C 型）

begin—— began—— begun； blow —— blew—— blown ；break—— broke—— broken； choose—— chose

—— chosen；draw—— drew—— drawn；drink —— drank—— drunk；drive—— drove—— driven；eat

—— ate—— eaten；fall —— fell —— fallen ；fly —— flew —— flown ；grow—— grew—— frown ；lie

—— lay—— lain； ride—— rode—— ridden；ring—— rang—— rung；rise—— rose—— risen；show

— showed—— shown；sing—— sang—— sung； swim —— swam—— swum；throw —— threw——

thrown ；wake—— woke—— waken；wear—— wore—— worn ；write—— wrote—— written

历年时态题目真题单句改错精选：

（1）I had to calm myself down. Quietly I step into the room. I saw him lying in bed

（2）Today, it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past.

（3）Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them.

（4）If the book you will want is out, you may ask for it to be called back for you.

（5）Do you want to know why we move last week?.

（6）I am happy with any program but the others spent a lot of time arguing and there was no way of

settling the matter except by selling the set.

（7）I ‘d like very much to come but I had an examination on Monday morning. It is a very

（8）I remembered her words and calm down.

（9）my father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when we visit Beijing last month.

（10）On the way up I was busy taking pictures since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes

quickly.

（11）But his parents think going to college is more important than playing sports and college was the

only place for a smart boy like his son.

（12）At once I apologize and controlled myself at my best till the dinner started.

（13）We were living in a big family. We treat each other as brothers and sisters.

（14）I am always young when I was staying with them.

(15) After they had chose the books they wished to read, the instructor told them the principal points

he wanted them to note.

(16) I hold my lunch-box in my hand when I was going to school. The smell from it was very good.

(17) I couldn ‘t believe my luck — not only did I had my photo taken with him, but he signed his name

on my shirt!

(18) I ‘ll send my friend Charlie meet you at the airport when you arrived. 2. 动词的语态——主被动

解决办法： 1. 翻译， 2. 熟练掌握特殊动词和短语的及物与不及物性

1. 系动词没有被动：

“系动词”全称“连系动词”

，即只起连接主语和表语的作用，并没有实际含义，通常不翻译或翻译

为各种的“是” ，常见的连系动词有以下六类：

1. be 动词： be 动词绝大多数情况下是系动词，但在

there be 句型中 be 动词不是系动词，因

为这里的 be 有实在含义，相当于

exist “存在”，因此不是只起连接作用的连系动词。

2. 感官系动词： feel, sound, smell, taste, touch 等 五官发出， 翻译为 “…起来” 的动词； 注意：

系动词没有被动，不是说

taste，smell 等这样的词没有被动，当

taste 翻译为“ …起来”，只起到

连接作用时没有被动，

ex：the soup tastes delicious = the soup is delicious. 因此是系动词， 无被动；

但当翻译为“品尝”时，则为及物动词（即要涉及其他物体，也就是要接宾语）有被动，例如：

I tasted the soup.就不等于 I was the soup. 因此不再是系动词。其他以此类推。

3.“保持”系动词： stay, keep, remain

4.“变化”系动词： become, turn, get, go, come, grow

5. 表示 ―像‖的系动词：

seem, appear

6.“结果”系动词：

turn out, prove

2. 表示“发生”的单词没有被动：

happen; take place; break out; occur

3. 区分易混的几组词：

A．used to do(过去常常 ); be used to do(被用来 )；be/get used to doing 习惯于 …

B．use up（vt. 用完）； run out （vi. 用完）

C．put out（vt. 扑灭）； go out （vi. 熄灭）

历年真题精选：

1. It was proved to be her own cup.

2. I was used to go to the cinema once a week.

3. My best friend Aigulie was used to share her Nang with me.

4. I ‘m glad to learn that you ‘ve been settled down in Boston and are getting used to the local way of

life.

5. The music was sounded beautiful.

6. …our fresh water has been run out.

7. We hung a sign on the front door that was read, ― We‘

re

having dinner. Come back later.

‖

8. Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles.

9. Growing up is not easy. Sometime all that is need is someone to rely on..

10. As is planning, I ‘m coming to Boston around the 15 th, and I wonder if you …..

3. 主谓一致的错误：（题目很简单，细心是关键）

解决办法： 1. 总原则：找真正的主语；

2. 记住几个特殊的主谓一致

1. 所谓就远原则： with, along with, together with, including, like

等谓语动词要跟着这些词前面的

主语，其实这根本就是废话，因为这些词都是介词，它们后面的成分叫宾语，跟谓语动词的

单复数根本没有任何关系，所以遇到介词时找真正的主语即可

2. 所谓就近原则： neither… nor…; either… or…; or; there be 等之所以就近，是因为各个主语没有

强调，只能“近水楼台先得月”

3.

not only…but also… 之所以就近， 其实是个错误， 因为强调的是 but 后面， 所以谓语动词会一

直跟着 but 后的主语，同理， as well as 强调的是前者，所以谓语动词跟着前面的主语。4. 由― a lot of， lots of ， plenty of ， the rest of， the majority of + 名词 ‖构成的短语以及由 ―分数

或百分数 +名词 ‖构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。

5. 动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。

6. 表示时间 , 金钱 , 距离 , 度量等的名词做主语时 尽管是复数形式 , 它们做为一个单一的概念时

其谓语动词用单数。

历年真题精选：

1. Anyone can borrow books if he or she wish.

2. I just want to know what the sign say.

3. What may surprise you are that I ‘m going to the US this July in a summer camp!

4. When and where the meeting will be held have not been decided.

5. But the only clothes I had was those I had on..

6. These spoonfuls of butter is good.

7. The teacher with a lot of students come into the classroom.

8. To read may books are good for you.

9. You or she go to get some water for us.

10. Both my parents miss you a lot, so do our friend, Cathy.

若第一遍找出的动词属于非谓语动词错误，则通常有以下三种形式：

1.

doing VS done； 1. 主被动错误

(解决办法： 1. 找非谓语动词的逻辑主语翻译；

2. 根据动词

后有无宾语进行辅助判断

)

EX: _Seen/seeing from the window, a big tree can be found at the foot of the mountain.

2. 表 示 情 绪 的 非 谓 语 动 词 ， 如 ： excited; exciting; interested; interesting; disappointed;

disappointing 等。 -ed 意为“感到 ...”，主语一般是人； -ing 表示“另人感到 …”，主语一般是物。

2. 谓语 VS 非谓语；重点在于区分，第一节中已经讲过，不再赘述。

3. 增删不定式符号

to

增： 1. V. V; 2. 目的状语：翻译成“为了

删： 1. 感官动词 /使役动词 have/make/let; had better; why not ； 2. 作为介词的 to 经常多余

历年真题单句改错精选：

（1）David pointed to a path which he thought would probably leading to a village.

（2）I went back to get David and helped him to stood up.

（3）The World Health Organization and other organizations are working improve health all over the world.

（4） …and let you to know when the book you w ant has returned

（5）I want to thank you again for have me in your home for the summer holidays.

（6）I look forward to hear from you soon.

（7）Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of

（8）I?d like very much come b ut I have an examination on Monday morning.

（9）I?ll spend the whole weekend reading and prepare for it.

（10）After learn the basics of the subject, nothing else seemed very practical to me.

（11）My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that I get a good education.

（12）He did not want share things with other people.

（13）That is, a game of tennis making him very busy.

（14）As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. （15）But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports.

（16）…children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves.

（17）…to make children to want things that they don?t really need.

（18）Shake her head, she said, ―It isn?t a good time to do that, dear. ‖

（19）It?s like going to a huge library without have to walk around to find your books.

（20）I have some records giving to me as birthday gifts.

（21）I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Beijing.

（22）We had to sit at our desks in silence and paid attention to what the teachers were saying.

（23）Perhaps someone who wanted see the play would take the tickets.

（24）I dream of standing on the platform in the classroom and give lessons to lovely boys and girls.

（25）Suddenly Mary, my best friend, asking me to let her to copy my answers.

（26）On Sunday morning we go fishing at a lake.

（27）Felt hungry, we built a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish.

（28）I am awfully tiring, but I know I will never fall sleep.

（29）We hear it say frequently that what present-day men most desire is security.

（30）I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hangzhou.

（31）He was walking to school the other day when he let a bicycle ran right into him.

（32）After that, you always gave me special attention and inspired to me to join in activities.

（33）I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person.

（34）Her strength made me stronger and gave to me courage to try things...

（35）When I finally arrived at my friend he lent to me lots of clothes.

二、逐字逐句翻译，重点查找

6 类词的错误。（一定要逐字逐句仔细翻译，

因为有时候甚至只是一个字母的错误，一不留神就错过了）

1. 连词 and, but, or, so, then, because;

连词的错误一般有两类

:1. 对错 ;

无论并列连词还是从属连词，使用不当的问题基本可以通过翻译

解决，做题的时候注意上下句的逻辑关系即可。

2. 增删：句子连接的基本规则是 N 个句子

需要 N-1 个连词，我们可以通过数出句子中有几套主谓关系来确定连词的数量；

在做连

词题目时，一般要先看连词是否需要增删。

（1）We tried to fix it and there was nothing we could do.

（2）I told Mother, Father, Sister, all my friends here what a great time I had.

（3）It is a very important exam but I can?t afford to fail it.

（4）It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.

（5）My grandma was the best cook in the world but could make the most delicious dishes.

（6）Clever as she is, but she works very hard.

（7）The artist was born poor but he remained all his life.

（8）In the last five years that they?ve climbed churches , high buildings and television towers.

（9）It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.

（10）In the past few years when we?ve planted thousands of trees along the river.

（11）as soon as we arrived, so we dropped the lines into the water.

（12）some friends of his go to see him every day, they take him lots of book and fresh fruit.

（13）With winter coming, so leaves began to fall. （14）Yesterday, we had two guests, both of them are from Xi ‘an.

（15）You can‘t imagine there are such countries where people have short lives.

（16）We become more and more impatient of interruptions when the years go on.

（17）It was not until it began to rain when I noticed his umbrella left in my car.

（18）He acted like he had never been in a museum before.

（19）You will be permitted to bring a watch so that you may keep track of the time during you are taking

the test.

（20）had had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and

powerful.

（21）With little sleep and hardly any break, so he works from morning till night.

（22）We were warned not to cheat again so she would need to see our parents.

（23）However, while John went back home, the tickets were still there.

（24）My hometown is a pretty city, so people there are kind and polite.

（25）Since you have visited Greece several times, so I would like to know …

2. 代词: 代词的错误种类繁多， 几乎涵盖了所有可能的错误类型， 解决起来

要遵循两个原则：

1. 所有的代词题目，关键都在于马上划出代词的指代对象，

因为代词的全称是 “代

名词”，故找出其指代的名词或类似于名词的短语，句子等，问题往往能迎刃而解，这一

点无论是在改错，单选还是完型中都是适用的。

2. 要熟悉代词在短文改错中常犯的错误类型，如果对这些类型不熟悉，很可能出现

“视而不见”的情况，尤其是代词的性别错误。

代词在短文改错中常犯的 8 大错误类型：

1. 单复数错误； it-them/they; his/her-their 解题关键：找代词的指代对象，难点在于代词和它指代

的对象之间距离很远，或中间有一些插入语

2. 人称误用 we- they; he- you; 联系上下文，仔细翻译

3. 性别错误：找指代对象，不要认为是打印错误

4. 主宾格错误：语法问题，做主语用主格，动词和介词后一般用宾格

5. 反身代词错误： 1. 翻译为：

―…自己 ‖

; 2. 从语法界定，使用反身代词，动词的主语和宾语

必修是同一个对象，

例如 Take care of ourselves. 这句话就是错的， 因为省略掉的祈使句的主语是

you，

不一致；而 Help yourself. 就是正确的。

6. 不定代词

1. Other- an other- the other –others – the others

1. other 是形容词，不能单独使用做主语或宾语；

2. another 和 the other 做主语或宾语指

代单数； others 和 the others 指代复数； 3. the other 和 another 的区别在于定冠词和不定冠词的区

别，故 the other 指两者之间的另一个，

another 之三者之间的另一个；

4. others 和 the others 的区

别也是定和不定的区别，故用

others 表示总体没有分完，而使用

the others，因为有定冠词，故总

体一定分完了，是确定的其他部分。

2. all- both-neither-either-none

1. 从数量上区分： all；none 表示三者以上，其余是两者；

2. 从肯否定区分： all，both，

either 是肯定； neither，none 是否定

3. some-no-any-every 和 body/one/thing 等构成的复合代词

1. some 不用于否定句， 表示希望得到对方肯定的回答是可以用于疑问句；

2. any 表示一些不用于肯定句，在肯定句中意为“任何”

；3. every，all，both 等和否定词连用，表示半否定的

意思，翻译为“不是

…都…”； 4. no = not any

7. it 增删

1. 增加 it 一般出现在及物动词缺宾语的情况下；

2. 删除 it 通常是在定语从句或名词性

从句中，已经有了关系代词的情况下；

8. 物主代词

1. 两种物主代词即形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之间的转化，关键在于看代词

后有无名词，名词性物主代词

=形容词性物主代词 +名词； 2. 人称代词和物主代词之间的转换，

翻译即可。

历年真题单句改错：

1. The Greens tried his best to help me.

2. I won ‘ t forget the gift you sent I on my birthday.

3. His parents went to New York last year, and none of them wrote letters to him.

4. My glasses are missing, and I am looking for it.

5. I think I liked those classes because I felt that it helped me understand what the world works.

6. Then he ate it all, by himself. He never helped other.

7. But his parents think going to college is more important than playing sports and college is the only place

for a smart boy like his son.

8. , as I was learning to express me in simple English.

9. One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.

10. She loves swimming. It keeps she fit.

11. It‘s a very important thing. You must think over carefully.

12. This is the book which you bought it for me ten years ago.

13. Knowledge is there for whomever will seek it.

14. His brother ‘s case is quite different from me.

15. People find increasingly difficult to make their living.

16. He had deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town.

17. I didn ‘t have my camera with me at that time, but I rushed back home to get.

18. We all enjoyed this precious day greatly, remember the time we spent together and the people they were

familiar with.

19. He wouldn ‘t go to see a play that no one liked it.

20. Now I really enjoy study because I ‘m growing old and know what I want it.

21. I just smiled to me and thought ….

22. On the first day of Camp, you came up to myself while I was sitting alone.

23. Surely I ‘m expecting lots of sightseeing tours, parties and another exciting things.

24. In our Greece unit, we have been learning about it

s rich culture and long history.

25. We choose the cheapest biscuits and ate it under a tree.

26. I paid a visit to Mr. Johnson. I was eager to see him, but outside her room I stopped.

27. Dad lost his job, and as Mom explained, ―He was lucky to find other one. ‖

28. I would recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing.

29. I am sure you will find one you like it.

30. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child, they will go hungry.

31. Her strength came from anywhere I don ‘t quite know, somewhere very deep. 32. By the time I got back, they have finished the scene and the actor couldn ‘t be seen everywhere.

3. 名词

1. 单复数：

1. 熟知一些特殊的可数和不可数名词：

A．常考的不可数名词： fun, weather, advice, news, information, knowledge,

progress, furniture, luggage, wealth, homework, housework, fruit, change（零钱）

B．两类集合名词： 1. people/ cattle / police / youth 永远复数，前不能有 a或

one；也不能加 s；2. team/ group / family 指整体时单数，前可以加 a/one，也可以

变复数。

C．掌握一些单复数的固定搭配：

Make friends; shake hands; make preparations for; congratulations to…; have no

idea;

2. 提示信息：

在做题时重点关注动词前后的提示信息， 绝大多数名词单复数的改错都是由这些

提示信息所决定的，如：

many; number; several; one of +;(数词)；few/a few 的后面一

定是名词复数。

注意： Lots of 和 some 都可以，以及单复数一致的名词

（1）One of my unforgettable memory of my school … ..

（2）We climb everywhere, not only in America. We have been to Europe many time.

（3）They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question.

（4）We study quite a few subject, such as math, Chinese, English and physics.

（5）...and often watch football match on TV together.

（6）I used to love science class — all of them — biology, chemistry, geography, physics.

（7）…so that I?ll get good marks in all my subject.

（8）On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.

（9）Their word were a great encouragement to me.

（10）…but after class we become stranger at once.

（11）You can find all kinds of information in just a few minute on the Internet.

（12）I stay here for one and a half hour and......

（13）Some of his friends go to see him every day ,who take him lots of good book and some fruit.

（14）I had many wonderful experience, but I also had a bad one.

（15）He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard.

（16）I saw him lying in bed, looking at some of the picture we had taken together.

（17）Within the next few minute, my grandfather also caught a fish.

（18）The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish.

（19）I felt very strange to travel without any luggages.

（20）Personally, I found most lesson rather uninteresting.

（21）They have all sorts of course.

（22）He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.

（23）If you have interests in it, reply to me soon.

（24）Gradually, he got used to the local ways of life.

（25）He is a generous fellow, and will soon make friend with you again.

（26）Give me three spoonful of salt. 2. 所有格：

1. 所有格和名词复数的关系，单数直接加s，以 s结尾的复数名词直接加 ‘

例：a girl‘s shoes; the two girls‘ shoes

2. 表示某人的住所 /店铺的时候，经常把后面的名词省略，只保留所有格的形式

I should go to the barber‘s today to have my hair cut.

3. 双重所有格： of 后的名词或代词一定要用所有格的形式，

如: a friend of Lucy‘s

特例： a photo of me 我的一张照片（照片上的人是我）

a friend of mine 我的一张招聘（照片属于我）

历年真题单句改错精选：

1. When I finally arrived at my friend he lent to me lots of clothes.

2. Mary ‘s eyes are as blue as a mermaid.

3. He sent his daughter to a girl ‘s high school.

4. He is a friend of my brother.

5. Lily returned home after ten year ’s absence.

6. I used to go to the barber once a week.

7. But she marked strictly on student ’s actual performance.

4. 冠词：虽然冠词的语法点掌握起来不太容易，但它在短文改错中出现的

却很有规律，所以只要熟记以下三点，冠词的改错就不在话下。

1. a/an的区分：“a/an冠词怎么挑，不看字母看音标”元音发音开头的单词用an，反之用 a

例如： ________ American family;

There is ___ ―

s‖ in the word ―mouse‖

_________unusual boy;

___________ university

2. 定冠词 VS 不定冠词

解决办法：理解 +翻译

A．理解：冠词是加在名词前的东西，若无名词则不需冠词

; 若名词（专有）在

讨论的范围内只有一个， 不加冠词； 定冠词用来唯一限定名词， 要达到说话

双方均知所指。

试区分： _____China VS _____P.R.C;

__

America VS _____U.S.A; 并解释原因。

B．翻译为“一个 /任何一个”用 a/an，翻译为“这个 那个/这些/那些”用 the

例如： There is ____ red sun in the sky.

It happened in ____ China of 1992.

3. 增删冠词：

1. 单数可数名词不能单独存在；

I like apple（错） 2. 掌握一些固定

搭配，如 in fact, catch sight of, go to the cinema, out of control, at table VS at the table

冠词单句改错真题精选：

（1）Some people read the books or watch television while others have sports.

（2）Good health is person‘s most valuable possession.

（3）Modern people know more about the health, have better food, and live in clearer surroundings.

（4）There is public library in every town in Britain.

（5）Today I visited the Smiths — my first visit to a American family.

（6）I?ll take this chance to wish you wonderful time on your birthday. （7）Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd.

（8）For example, when I was a child, the rain was a mystery

（9）Finally, there were a sudden pull at the pole and fish was caught.

（10）As we all left home at early age, …

（11）Last Sunday we went to school to play basketball.

（12）Yesterday Tom bought a unique hat.

（13）The most of us are flattered when we receive a complaint.

（14）Why are you at home in such a fine weather?

（15）He was elected the Mayor of New York.

（16）Yesterday afternoon I paid visit to Mr. Johnson.

（17）The teacher was angry because we had same answers in the test.

（18）It is such great hotel that I would recommend it to …

（19）Are the years you spent at school best years of your life?

（20）An American and a Frenchman decided to cross the sea between France and England in the

balloon in 1784.

（21）…so we will have plenty of spare time to visit the area and have a fun.

（22）I‘m glad you have made such a great progress that you can….

（23）As you know, I ‘m still buried in books at school you are so familiar with.

（24）Finally, we had good idea.

（25）…you can sit at the desk and read the daily newspapers, magazines and the other books.

（26）Tomorrow is first day of school.

5. 从句： 引导词

1. 引导词的增删：无论名从，定从还是状从，引导词都有一个很重要的功能，那就

是连接主句和从句，因此在短文改错中也经常在这个地方设考点，考察

N 个句子

需要 N-1 个连词这一重要规则，而且是最近的考试热点，务必谨记！

2. 连接词的改正： 在名词性从句和定语从句中， 引导词的错误往往通过划成分解决，

如果缺主语或宾语用关系代词， 不缺用关系副词， 在副词之间选择通过翻译解决；

另外要特别注意逗号后面出现

that的情况，一般有误。状语从句不涉及到划成分，

直接翻译解决。

备注：定语从句和名词性从句连接词一览表：

名词性从句

定语从句

1. 既不作成分也没有含

义

*That

2. 不作成分，翻译为“是

否”

*Whether；* if

3. 关系代词

*What；which；who；whom；

Whose

* That ； which ； who ；

whom；whose；*as

4. 关系副词

When；where；*how；why When；where；why

从句改错历年真题精选：

（1）It was not until it began to rain when I noticed his umbrella left in my car.

（2）Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill.

（3）However, there are still some countries there people have shorter lives. （4）I also enjoyed the evenings when we spent together. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

（5）I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.

（6）…but it didn?t matter that I would win or not.

（7）I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf.

（8）For example, when he bought a chocolate cake, he put it in a secret place where I couldn?t find.

（9）Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that might not be served

until 8 o ’clock at night.

（10）Besides, I have few friends, I don?t know that they don

‘t like to talk with me.

（11）I have a good friend who?s name is Liu Mei.

（12）It has been five years when we graduated, but those memories are as sweet as ever before.

（13）That?s the hotel which we were staying last summer.

（14）That?s the palace where we visited last summer. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

（15）It costs nothing. Anyone can get it unless he likes it.

（16）In the past five years we climbed mountains, buildings and towers.

（17）It was at noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain.

（18） “We are worried about him. ” That’s which other teachers say.

（19）However, while John went back home, the tickets were still there.

（20）They did not want breakfast because that they were going out early in the morning.

（21）Everybody sleeps in tents, that is very exciting.

（22）And if he breaks the laws of society that he used to break the laws of his parents, he may go to

the prison.

（23）Most public libraries also have a reading-room, that you can sit at the desk...

6. 形容词、副词

1. 词性辨析 : 形容词修饰名词、代词；在句子中作定语、表语和补语；副词修饰动

词，形容词，其他副词以及整个句子，在句子做状语。

例：there are patiently nurses,

You should make your parents happily.

He looked differently after returning from America.

2. 比较级：

1. as … as… 原级比较，此处可能犯的错误有以下四类：

1.

as 缺失； 第一个 as是副词，一定不能省略；第二个

as是连词，当

其后没有连接其他成分时可以省略。

2.

so…as… VS as… as… 当表示原级比较时，只有在否定句中才可以用

so…as…；不能说 He is so tall as me. 但在 as/so long as表“只要”时

以及 as/so far as表“就 …而言”时， as和 so没有区别。

3.

as…as…是原级比较，故其中间的形容词或副词一定要使用原形，务

必仔细查看。

4. 注意 as…as…中间形容词或副词的词性问题。

2.比较级比较：特别注意语境和各自的标志词，常见的有以下两类错误。

1. 重复

例如： more stronger

2. 三级比较之间的误用： 注意看语境和标志词， 例如 than，in/of 短语等。

3. 形近字的辨析：

1. late-lately-later-latter-latest 2. hard- hardly

3. here- there

4. before- ago- after – since

5. near- nearly-nearby

6. close-closely-closed

7. lonely-friendly-likely-lovely-deadly-lively

8. likely / possible/ probable

9. health-healthy; wealth-wealthy

10. so – such

11. much- many/well; 或删除

历年真题单句改错精选：

（1）Last Sunday, police cars hurry to the taller building in New York.

（2）As a result, people in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past.

（3）People in industrial countries can expect to live for twice so long as people

（4）In some places you may borrow many books as you want.

（5）I never knew a ride down a river could be so much exciting.

（6）I?m sure we‘ll have a wonderfully time together.

（7）Also, the sport teaches us the important of obedience.

（8）Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family.

（9）After learning the basics of the subject, nothing else seemed very practically to me.

（10）For instance, one night he played strong and loudly music till four o?clock in the morning.

（11）But he is difference now.

（12）Although radios can be very noise.

（13）I would describe myself as shy and quietly.

（15）Finding information on the Net is easily.

（16）She called 119 immediate.

（17）However, we seldom felt lonely or helplessly.

（18）They fly down immediate and catch them without delay.

（19）Since you have visited Greece several times, so I would like to know whether you have seen the

old buildings here.

（20）I hope that you think about my request and visit us as soon as possibly.

（21）I wonder if you ’ll free then so we could chat about the good older days.

（22）A helping hand is always stronger enough to lift you up.

（23）She was usual patient with her students and never made them disappointed.

（24）It is so a beautiful place!

（25）I appreciate your help well.

（26）We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel ago.

（27）They came back lately and had some tea.

（28）I read books at the public library, and late I decided to attend college.

（29）, buying a ticket to Hangzhou. I was going to visit a friend here and after that I would go to

Xiamen for long holiday.

（30）Today we had a chemistry test. I found the test difficulty, but I tried hardly to do it.

（31）I understood that he missed us just as many as we missed him （32）Before waiting for about half an hour, I was beginning to get impatiently.

三： 根据考试规律查漏补缺

1.

考点： 九大考点

熟记短文改错常考的九大考点： 1. 谓语动词； 2. 非谓语动词； 3. 名

词；4. 冠词； 5. 连词； 6. 代词； 7. 形容词 /副词; 8. 从句; 9. 介词

前面的八类错误上文以详细讲解

, 介词错误一般比较难找 ,有的时候

即使找到了也不知道怎么改 ,因此,如果不是非常确定 ,介词往往放在第三布查

漏补缺的时候改正。

介词改错解决方案： 1.仔细翻译，注意增删； 2. 固定搭配

介词改错真题精选：

1. You must write your letter with ink.

2. The gentleman insisted at my receiving the money.

3. At last we reached to the village at the foot of the hill.

4. The girl is proud of that her family is well descended.

5. Every day, he spends too much time with his work.

6. Here I am in the middle of a city, 350 miles far away from our farmhouse.

7. I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Beijing.

8. I think over her a lot and I miss the food and the good time we had together.

9. I was really disappointing and about to leave when he walked out a building.

10. The doctor says he is recovering fast than expected and will be out of hospital a few weeks.

11. He was looking for a glass the cupboard.

12. The crowd waiting for to greet them in England was very surprised …

13. Because the help you gave me that summer, my life changed.

14. I have been told one more worker will be needed this year and I think you are fit it.

15. My mother was a career woman and had her own problems to take care.

16. …. That you can write your e-mail good Chinese.

17. … that I am going to the US this July in a summer camp.

18. On the front door stood a five-year-old boy from across the street.

19. The city looks as an old man with leaves fallen from the trees.

20. If the book you want is out you may ask it to be kept for you.